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| Adaptive Design was developed out of a broad search for answers to the challenges of healthcare delivery. As a visiting scholar at the Harvard University’s Kennedy School and the Harvard Business School, John Kenagy, MD, focused his research on how healthcare organizations can rethink the delivery of patient-focused services and products within complex, dynamic, highly competitive environments, based on successful methods developed by profitable organizations in other fields. Interview with John Kenagy, UC HealthCare Digest, October 2004 Why Hospitals Don’t Learn from Failures, Harvard Business School, November 2002 Adaptive Innovation At the root of his approach is the theory of disruptive innovation, which was developed by a Harvard colleague, Clayton Christensen, in his book The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail. A strategy tool for adapting for success in the business world, disruptive innovation tells us that enduring problems require unexpected solutions. Dr. Kenagy's latest work has transformed "disruptive" to Adaptive Innovation, creating new opportunities for today's healthcare organizations. Will Disruptive Innovation Cure Healthcare? Harvard Business Review, September 2000 (fee for access) Toyota Production System As a complex, dynamic system, healthcare has much in common with non-medical systems, including automobile manufacturing. Turning to the world’s best manufacturer of cars, Toyota, Kenagy studied this organization’s ability to continually improve its product, eliminate defects, reduce costs, and become more responsive to its customers. Distilling these strengths into several fundamental principles, Kenagy applies those principles to healthcare delivery. Decoding the DNA of the Toyota Production System, Harvard Business Review, September 1999 (fee for access) Positive Deviance Lasting organizational changes require available resources and immediately apparent benefits to members within the organization. Sometimes a microcosm flourishes within an otherwise failing system, offering lessons for the greater good. Adaptive Design draws on the theory and methods of positive deviance to ensure that change in work is possible, transferable, and sustainable. Positive Deviant, Fast Company, December 2000 Recent Interview with Dr. John Kenagy & David Sundahl Want to improve patient safety? Change work culture, Bloodgas.org, June 2007 Other reading Delivering on the Promise: An Adaptive Approach to Information Technology in Healthcare, Microsoft/K&A white paper, April 2004 Chaos in the Hospital (mathematically speaking), May 2005 The 6 Myths of Creativity, Fast Company, December 2004
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